Aging is a complex process involving accumulating damage to the cellular mechanisms of life. Anti-aging researchers want to understand and combat this process to give us healthier and longer lives. One part of the aging process is cellular senescence.
Throughout our lives, some types of cells in our bodies are constantly being replaced by new ones through cell division. After a certain number of divisions, accumulated damage to the hereditary material of the cell, DNA, can cause cells to quit dividing and become senescent. Senescent cells lose their function and secrete harmful substances that cause inflammation.
As they accumulate, they contribute to aging-related diseases, including cancer. Strategies to eliminate these cells from the body show promise as an anti-aging treatment in tests on laboratory animals.
In 2024 a team of American biomedical scientists reported they had discovered a new and effective method to target and eliminate senescent cells. Their strategy involved a type of immune cells called T cells. T cells travel the body in the bloodstream, destroying invading microbes, and cancer cells. The researchers found a way to genetically modify T cells, so that they recognize, attack, and destroy senescent cells.
When researchers administered these modified cells to mice, the mice lived healthier lives. They had lower body weight, improved metabolism, and increased physical activity. When the treatment was given to aged mice, they looked healthier. When it was given to young mice, they became more resilient against problems with their metabolism. Much work remains to develop a version of this treatment for humans. If and when that happens, it will change the world.
