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IU studies cover crops as climate resource through $1.6 million shared grant

By Sara Molina

Posted October 4, 2022

Cover crops are non-commercial crops grown during the fall. (Unsplash/CC0 Public Domain)

The National Science Foundation granted O’Neill School researchers a share of a $1.6 million grant to study cover crops as a natural climate resource.

Cover crops are non-commercial crops grown during the fall.

IU O’Neill School of Public and Environmental Affairs assistant professor and social scientist Landon Yoder said cash crops such as soybeans and corn cannot grow during this time, so cover crops help vegetation continue into the winter.

“Cover crops are beneficial for a lot of different reasons, but in particular they have the potential to store some carbon dioxide in the soil just like any growing plant can, but they also help to create a more organic matter in the soil which is good for crops generally,” Yoder said. “It also helps to stabilize soil aggregation.”

Stabilizing soil aggregation helps retain moisture in heat while allowing water to infiltrate into the soil during rainfall, he said. This reduces soil erosion, providing environmental benefits to farmers.

“As we're really learning more about climate change, we have these carbon markets that are volunteering coming into place,” Yoder said. “Farmers are interested in whether or not they might be able to earn some additional payments by participating in these carbon markets.”

Carbon markets help farmers make money while limiting gas emissions. This is helpful for the economy and can slow the effects of climate change.

The study aims to understand the mechanisms by which carbon is going to be stored in the soil through cover crops, and researchers plan to use the money to hire lab technicians to help, Yoder said.

“The social science is trying to understand what’s the potential that we could actually scale this practice out,” he said.

Yoder said the natural climate solution is simply a “label” indicating that by measuring these natural resources for their ability to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, we can harness the potential to significantly reduce the amount of carbon in the atmosphere.

The researchers aim to motivate farmers to use cover crops to begin their five-year study on the crops contribution to climate change.