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Flu vaccine found to be effective at preventing hospitalization

By Joanie Dugan

Posted February 27, 2024

People who received the flu vaccine during the 2022-2023 flu season were 35% less likely to be hospitalized. (Wikimedia Commons)

Two studies released by the Center for Disease Control and Prevention’s VISION network show the flu vaccine was effective for all ages in the U.S. during the 2022-2023 flu season.

The studies looked at emergency visits and hospitalizations for moderate and severe cases of the flu from October 2022 to April 2023 for both children and adults.

“The effectiveness for hospitalizations was overall 35 percent. What that means is that people who got the vaccine were 35 percent less likely to be hospitalized, if they experienced respiratory symptoms related to influenza,” said Shaun Grannis, co-author of the studies and vice president of data and analytics at the Regenstrief Institute. “For protection against emergency department visits, the vaccine effectiveness is about 10 percent higher, but 44 percent effective overall. That means that it reduces the risk of hospitalization by approximately 44 percent. So those are strong numbers.”

The study looked at over 85,000 emergency department visits and nearly 20,000 hospitalizations. Vaccination lowered the risk of hospitalization for children ages 6 months to 17 years by 40 percent overall. Emergency visits were reduced by 48 percent.

For adults ages 18 to 64, the risk of emergency visits was reduced by 45 percent and hospitalization by 23 percent. For adults 65 and older, vaccine effectiveness was 41 percent against both emergency visits and hospitalizations.

Grannis said the flu this year was especially virulent, resulting in more hospitalizations than in previous years.

“Despite that, we still saw reasonable effectiveness with the vaccines, which is good news. If it weren't for the vaccines, we would have seen many, many more hospitalizations,” Grannis said.

The flu shot typically becomes available in the fall every year. Still, Grannis said there is no harm in getting your shot late if you haven’t already.

“There is no harm or little harm and much potential good to receive the vaccine. Still, if people are interested, it is late in the season, it does take up to 30 days for the vaccine to become fully effective,” Grannis said. “If you have any questions about what immunizations are right for you, I would encourage you to see your family physician, your health care provider to make those decisions with up-to-date information.”

The studies were published in the Journal of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Infectious Diseases.