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Although Milligan conspired against his government, the Supreme Court ruling in his case set a precedent regarding the rights of citizens to a fair trial.
During the Civil War, Indiana Republicans continually worried that many Hoosier Democrats were conspiring with the South to overthrow the state government.
As soon as Governor Oliver P. Morton issued the first call for volunteers, 19-year-old Louis Bir was “very anxious to Inlist” for the Union cause.
Historians concur that there were many Southern sympathizers in Indiana. Whether they were plotting the violent overthrow of the state government is unclear.